Shakespeare References in The Moon Is Always Female

Marge Piercy’s book of poetry The Moon Is Always Female contains a few Shakespeare references, and interestingly all of them are to Othello. The first is in a poem titled “Under red Aries.” Piercy writes, “You are impossible, you know it,/holy March hairiness, my green/eyed monster” (p. 30). That refers to Iago’s lines about jealousy, “It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock/The meat it feeds on.” The second reference might be a bit of a stretch, and I wouldn’t have listed it here at all were it not for the other two Othello references. But, anyway, in the poem “Arofa,” Piercy writes, “you want a monogamous relationship/ with me. Othella, if you were/big as me you’d have nipped/my head off in a fit” (p. 68). The name seems to be the female version of Othello, and the poem seems to be about a jealous cat. The final reference comes in “Shadows of the burning,” in which Piercy writes “Death at the open end of a gun/from a jealous man, a vengeful man/Othello’s fingers, Henry’s ax” (p. 101).

The Moon Is Always Female was published in 1980 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.

 

Shakespeare References in Interview With The Vampire

Anne Rice’s novel Interview With The Vampire contains a few Shakespeare references. The first reference is to Hamlet’s most famous soliloquy. In the section where Louis describes his limited training as a vampire, Rice writes, “I was reacting too much as if the ‘mortal coil’ had not been shaken off” (p. 30). The next reference is also to Hamlet, this time to Horatio’s speech after Hamlet dies: “‘Good night, sweet prince,’ said Lestat ‘and here’s your fifty dollars’” (p. 71), a humorous variation on “Good night, sweet prince/And flights of angels sing thee to thy rest.”

This book also contains a reference to Othello, and specifically to the moment when Othello is about to kill Desdemona. Rice writes: “‘Put out the light…and then put out the light,’ Lestat said softly. And then he took her into his arms like a struggling moth and sank his teeth into her” (p. 79). Clearly Lestat is a fan of Shakespeare’s works, which surprises Louis. Rice writes, “He loved the great figure we cut, the three of us in our box at the new French Opera House or the Theatre d’Orleans, to which we went as often as possible, Lestat having a passion for Shakespeare which surprised me” (p. 100). There is also a reference to King Lear, with Rice writing, “And suppose the vampire who made you knew nothing, and the vampire who made that vampire knew nothing, and the vampire before him knew nothing, and so it goes back and back, nothing proceeding from nothing, until there is nothing!” (p. 121). In Act I, after Cordelia answers, “Nothing,” Lear says, “Nothing will come of nothing.”

Annie Rice also refers to Macbeth. She writes: “He always wanted me along. I think I must have seen Macbeth with him fifteen times. We went to every performance, even those by amateurs, and Lestat would stride home afterwards, repeating the lines to me and even shouting out to passers-by with an outstretched finger, ‘Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow!’ until they skirted him as if he were drunk” (p. 129). The “Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow” line comes from my favorite speech of that play.

Interview With The Vampire was published in 1976. The copy I read was the Ballantine Books edition, which was first published in May of 1977. The copy I read was the thirtieth printing, from October of 1989.

Shakespeare References in Good As Gold

Joseph Heller’s novel Good As Gold contains a few Shakespeare references. The first is to a line from The Second Part Of King Henry The Sixth. Heller has Gold’s father say: “Cancer. It ate her up. See that taxi driver, the funny one? Toyt. Like a doornail. A stroke” (p. 42). Though there is some evidence that Shakespeare did not invent the phrase “dead as a doornail,” it is from his work that most people learned it. In Act IV, Cade says, “Look on me well: I have eat no meat these five days; yet, come thou and thy five men, and if I do not leave you all as dead as a doornail, I pray God I may never eat grass more.” Shakespeare used the phrase again in The Second Part Of King Henry The Fourth. Falstaff asks, “What, is the old king dead?” And Pistol replies, “As nail in door.”

Later in the book, one of Gold’s students tells him that he is disappointed in the class Gold is teaching. The class is titled “Monarchy and Monotheism in Literature from the Medieval to the Modern,” and the student says, “But it seems to be a course in Shakespeare’s history plays” (p. 136). Heller then writes: “‘We’ll be moving on to the major tragedies soon,’ Gold answered breezily. ‘All but Othello and the Roman plays. In Othello, unfortunately, there is no monarch, and the Romans were not monotheistic” (p. 136). Heller has Gold explain the misleading course title: “We feel that anyone interested in literature ought to study Shakespeare and we know that few students will do so unless we call it something else” (p. 136). Then Gold tells him to major in Urban Studies. “But do it soon. Otherwise you might find me there in a year or two and have to read Shakespeare’s history plays all over again” (0. 137).

Good As Gold was published in 1979.

Shakespeare References in Dead Crazy

Nancy Pickard’s mystery novel Dead Crazy contains a couple of Shakespeare references. This book is a volume in the author’s Jenny Cain Mystery series. From that same series came her Say No Murder, and interestingly the first reference in Dead Crazy is to the same line from The First Part Of King Henry The Fourth that Pickard referred to in that earlier novel. The line is Falstaff’s “The better part of valor is discretion, in the which better part I have saved my life.” In Dead Crazy, Pickard writes, “It finally fishtailed one too many times for my nerves, and – while staring at the bumper of the Chrysler with which I had nearly collided – I decided the better part of valor was to abandon my car” (p. 59). The second reference is to Hamlet. Pickard writes: “More to the point, it sounded plausible to Geof and to the other detectives. But proving it, aye, that was the rub” (p. 266). That, of course, is a reference to a line from Hamlet’s most famous soliloquy. “To sleep, perchance to dream — ay, there’s the rub,/For in that sleep of death what dreams may come/When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,/Must give us pause.”

Dead Crazy was published in 1988. The First Pocket Books Edition was published in 1989.

Shakespeare References in Say No To Murder

Nancy Pickard’s mystery novel Say No To Murder contains a couple of Shakespeare references. The first is to The First Part Of King Henry The Fourth, and specifically a reference to one of Falstaff’s most famous lines. After a fire is put out on the boat, Jenny Cain and her boyfriend, Geof, check on each other. Pickard writes: “‘Discretion being the better part of valor,’ Geof said, ‘we’d better get dressed. You sure you’re all right?’” (p. 45). Falstaff’s line, from Act V Scene iv, is “The better part of valor is discretion, in the which better part I have saved my life.” The second reference is to Shakespeare himself. Jenny is getting her father settled on the boat. She tells him, “Great men reap what humble seeds they sow” (p. 71). Then Pickard writes: “My father straightened his shoulders and gazed off into the distance. ‘How terribly profound,’ he breathed. ‘Shakespeare?’” (p. 72). Jenny answers, “Jabberwocky.”

Say No To Murder was published in 1985. The edition I read is the Pocket Books edition, published in 1988.

Henry V (The Southern California Shakespeare Festival 2020 Online Production) Theatre Review

This pandemic has turned everyone’s world upside down. Everything I was looking forward to has been canceled – trips, concerts, baseball, and new productions of  Shakespeare’s plays. So how does a theatre company give us a taste of what we’ve been missing? The Southern California Shakespeare Festival uses a company of ten actors, who are all sheltering in place, to create an unusual production of Henry V, adapted and directed by Josh Machamer. The company consists of Linda Bisesti, Daniel Boudreau, Rosie Brownlow, Eric Cotti, Larry Mayorquin, Jennifer McClinton, Matthew Reidy, Robert Shields, Andrew Wilson Jr., and Natalie Wilson. I would think it would be difficult to give any kind of performance alone, without one’s fellow actors there to react to, but to do Shakespeare in this way would be particularly challenging. Yet this company does a remarkable job.

The beginning of the Chorus’ speech is presented as voice over, over an interesting series of still photos. Then each of the actors is shown turning on a light or using a candle to light himself or herself, which creates a cool vibe, and is a wonderful way of introducing the company. The Chorus then continues, and now we see him mostly in shadow, as he is backlit. As with Shakespeare’s text, this production is divided into five parts, each part announced with a title card. The first reads “Part 1: The Beginning.” Two actors of the company are sheltering in place together, and they present the first scene with the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Ely, the characters briefly identified on screen when they appear. The production is presented in modern dress, and with a score. It also uses other elements outside of Shakespeare’s text, including a title card with a line from Plato, and some modern language. For example, early on, each of the actors describes King Henry The Fifth, an interesting addition, giving the production a modern documentary style. They not only describe the king of the action of this play, but also his youth, giving some information from the two parts of King Henry The Fourth.

Henry V in this production is played by a woman, Jennifer McClinton, and in her first scene, she speaks with the Archbishop of Canterbury and the French ambassador by phone, so we see only her and hear the others. Jennifer McClinton is quite good here, particularly when asking Canterbury if she has the right to make the claim. She asks the question, then steps back, pacing a moment while listening to the response. She then gets back to the French ambassador, who has been on hold, a nice touch. It is surprising how well this actually works. Jennifer McClinton gives us a fairly serious Henry V, possibly in part because a lot of the playfulness is cut. For example, the bit with the tennis balls is gone.

Also cut are Bardolph, Pistol and Nym, and the second act, or part, begins with Exeter (Matthew Reidy) presenting a message for the King of France. He delivers the message straight to the camera, and so we in essence become France’s king. I particularly like his delivery of “Or else what follows? Bloody constraint.” Interestingly, in the text, it is the King who asks, “Or else what follows,” and then Exeter answers “Bloody constraint.” Then, during Charles VI’s speech, there are some added modern lines in response. The scene with Cambridge, Scroop and Grey is handled really well. The three conspirators and Henry V are all shown on screen at the same time, each in a quadrant, making it seem like an online conference call, with Henry coming in last after the other three are present. For why should a king wait for his subjects? It’s great seeing all three conspirators facing us as if we are Henry, while at the same time we see Henry looking at us as if we are the conspirators. In the theatre, we don’t usually get to see all their expressions simultaneously. Cambridge, Scroop and Grey are really good here, especially in that moment when they learn their plans have been discovered. This scene is particularly effective.

The third part is labeled “War,” and the progress of Henry’s army is shown on a map, again in a documentary style. The “Once more unto the breach” speech is done as voice over, a message with some static, and the first line is repeated at the end. The English lesson scene with Katherine (Rosie Brownlow) and Alice is done in wonderful way, with Katherine in bed, talking to an Alexa Echo-type device. So the Alexa is Alice (a nice coincidence that the names are so close), helping Katherine to learn English. This makes Alice’s line about it being very difficult even funnier. This scene is absolutely adorable. This production also provides some interesting reaction shots of Charles VI after a French town has surrendered to Henry V, and that leads to the actors giving us information on Charles VI the same way they gave us information on Henry V earlier. The information focuses on Charles’ psychological troubles, and this is a fun sequence.

The fourth part is “Agincourt,” and begins with a speech that Henry delivers in Act III in the text: “We give express charge that in our marches through the country there be nothing compelled from the villages, nothing taken but paid for.” This speech, combined with another from slightly later in Act III, is delivered as voice over while Henry V paces on a rooftop at night before the battle. We then go to the two camps, first that of the French soldiers. Interestingly, certain lines are stressed through repetition, showing that soldiers are all feeling the same things. Lines such as “There’s not enough work for all our hands” and “If the English had any apprehension they would run away.” This footage was shot outside at night. In the English camp, certain lines are likewise given focus, such as “We see yonder the beginning of the day, but I think we shall never see the end of it.” This sequence is particularly powerful. As for Henry V, she has a speech prepared, on paper, but sets it aside. The speech, the “We few, we happy few, we band of brothers” speech is done as voice over, and the images presented during it are recent shots of people marching, which is an interesting choice. The actual battle, of course, is not shown. Instead, we get some historical perspective, as in a documentary.

For the fifth part, titled “The Arrangement,” the meeting of Henry and Katherine is done as split screen, with the two facing each other rather than facing out to us. That is the only part of Act V that is presented in this production. Then we return to the Chorus for his final speech, and we see each of the actors extinguishing his or her light. Sure, it is not the same as seeing a live production, but this company delivers something special here, something for us in this crazy time, giving us a little touch of Harry in the pandemic. The production is just under an hour in length, and is available to view on YouTube.

Shakespeare Reference in A Brief History Of Time

Even though Shakespeare references seem to pop up in nearly every book I read, I honestly did not expect to find one in Stephen W. Hawking’s A Brief History Of Time: From The Big Bang To Black Holes. But there is one. In the chapter titled “The Origin And Fate Of The Universe,” Hawking writes: “If the universe is indeed spatially infinite, or if there are infinitely many universes, there would probably be some large regions somewhere that started out in a smooth and uniform manner. It is a bit like the well-known horde of monkeys hammering away on typewriters – most of what they write will be garbage, but very occasionally by pure chance they will type out one of Shakespeare’s sonnets” (p. 123).

A Brief History Of Time: From The Big Bang To Black Holes was published in 1988.